What a profitability tree is
A profitability tree decomposes Profit = Revenue − Cost into ever-finer drivers, so you can isolate exactly where a profit problem comes from. Revenue branches into price and volume; cost into fixed and variable. It's the most common structure in case interviews because it's naturally MECE.
How to use it in a case
Start from Profit = Revenue − Cost, branch each side into its drivers, then ask which branch the data points to. Drill only the branch that matters instead of analyzing everything. Build your tree above, it saves automatically in your browser.